17 Explain one positive and one negative impact of de-industrialisation.

[Mahnoor satti]

[KN] Positive impact of de-industrialsation is growth in higher skilled jobs.
[APP] For instance countries like UK has many jobs in IT and Finance which has led to many factories being shut down.
[AN] This improves peoples income level as these jobs pay better.
[AN+] This results in improvment in living stardards

[KN] Negative impact is that it leads to unemployment.
[APP] For instance people working in factories will loss their jobs and would find it hard to find another one as they are skilled in services sector jobs.
[AN] This lead to government speanding more on unemployment benefits.
[AN+] Which lead to less being spend on other important aspects of the country like education.

[Ayaan Fayaaz]

Positive impact of de-industrialization
[KN] De-industrialization can lead to growth of the tertiary sector.
[APP] For instance, as factories close, more jobs may be created in services such as finance, IT, or tourism.
[AN] These sectors often require higher skills and can generate higher incomes for workers.
[AN+] This can increase tax revenue for the government and raise the standard of living in the long term.

Negative impact of de-industrialization

[KN]De-industrialization causes job losses in manufacturing.
[APP] For instance, factory workers may be made redundant when production shifts overseas.
[AN] This can increase unemployment, especially for low-skilled workers who may struggle to find new jobs.
[AN+] As a result, inequality may rise, and certain regions may face long-term economic decline.

[MuhammadAli91191]

Positive impact of de-industrialization
[KN] De-industrialization can lead to growth of the tertiary sector.
[APP] For instance, as factories close, more jobs may be created in services such as finance, IT, or tourism.
[AN] These sectors often require higher skills and can generate higher incomes for workers.
[AN+] This can increase tax revenue for the government and raise the standard of living in the long term.

Negative impact of de-industrialization

[KN]De-industrialization causes job losses in manufacturing.
[APP] For instance, factory workers may be made redundant when production shifts overseas.
[AN] This can increase unemployment, especially for low-skilled workers who may struggle to find new jobs.
[AN+] As a result, inequality may rise, and certain regions may face long-term economic decline.

[Areeba Arshad]

Positive Impact:
[KN] De-industrialisation can encourage the growth of higher-skilled jobs in the tertiary and quaternary sectors.
[APP] For example, in the UK, many people moved into finance, IT, and education after the decline of manufacturing.
[AN] This means workers can gain better-paid jobs, improve their standard of living, and develop new skills that make them more employable.
[AN+] In the long run, this makes the economy more globally competitive and less dependent on low-value manufacturing.
Negative Impact:
[KN] De-industrialisation can create structural unemployment when factories close down.
[APP] For instance, many regions in Northern England faced mass unemployment as manufacturing industries collapsed.
[AN] This means workers with old industrial skills may struggle to find new jobs, leading to long-term unemployment, and causing poverty and inequality in those areas.
[AN+] Over time, this can create regional disparities, social unrest, and pressure on government welfare spending.

[Uqbah hadeed kayani]

[kn] De-industrialisation can lead to growth in the tertiary sector as economies shift towards services like finance, tourism and education
[app] For example, the UK has seen major growth in financial services in London after its manufacturing sector declined [an] Firstly, this creates more highly paid professional jobs, raising income levels. Secondly, service industries often bring in foreign investment, boosting GDP. Thirdly, a service-led economy can be more innovative and adaptable to global changes [an+] However, these benefits may be uneven, since high-skilled service jobs mainly cluster in big cities, creating regional inequality. Also, workers from manufacturing may lack the skills to switch, leading to unemployment. Finally, heavy reliance on services can make the economy vulnerable to financial crises
[kn] De-industrialisation can cause structural unemployment as manufacturing jobs disappear
[app] For instance, many cities in the US Rust Belt, like Detroit, saw mass job losses when factories closed [an] Firstly, unemployment reduces household income, lowering living standards. Secondly, local businesses suffer as demand for goods and services falls. Thirdly, governments face higher welfare spending and lower tax revenue [an+] This can trigger a cycle of decline where investment leaves the region, worsening poverty. It may also cause social issues like crime and urban decay. In the long run, this weakens national competitiveness, as economies lose expertise in key industries

[Mamoona Hussain]

Positive
KN: Through deindustrialization, thee is growth in higher-skilled jobs.
APP: For instance, there are more jobs in fields like finance and IT.
AN: Due to this there is more employment and the jobs pay well too, which ensured a stable income for the workers, which increases their purchasing power.
AN+: This improving their living standards, thus, boosting economic growth.

Negative
KN: However, it can also cause job losses in the secondary sector.
APP: The labour performing manual tasks will loose their jobs due to deindustrialization.
AN: Due to this there will be unemployment, due to which people will not be able to earn a secure income, due to which the government will have to support them financially, due to which, as the budget is limited, they will not be able to build enough schools or hospitals.
AN+: This will affect the public services quality, therefore, the ratio of national welfare will decline too.

[tanzeelrehman]

KN: One positive impact of de-industrialisation is the growth of higher-skilled service jobs.
APP: For example, in developed countries like the UK, jobs in finance, IT, and healthcare have increased as factories declined.
AN: These jobs often pay better and give workers more training opportunities.
AN+ : Over time this raises living standards, creates knowledge-based economies, and makes countries more competitive globally.


KN: A negative impact of de-industrialisation is structural unemployment.
APP: For example, factory workers may lose their jobs when factories close, and it becomes very difficult for them to find new job
AN: Many of these workers do not have the skills needed for service sector jobs, so they may remain unemployed for long periods.
AN+: This can cause poverty and so govt needs to spend high money on thier welfare

[sarah_naeem]

*Positive impact:
[KN]: One positive impact of de-industrialisation is that it can lead to growth of higher skilled jobs in the tertiary sector.
[APP]: For example, in the UK many people have moved jobs into finance, IT after decline of manufacturing.
[AN]: Thus, this will be more employment as many jobs, and better higher income
[AN+]: This will further improve living standards of people and will lead to economic growth.

Negative impact:
[KN]: One negative impact of de-industrialisation is that it can also cause losing of jobs in the secondary sector.
[APP]: For example, The labours doing their jobs manually will lose their jobs due to advanced technology.
[AN]: Thus will lead to closure of secondary sector leading to increase in unemployment and the government will have to support them financially.
[AN+]: This will further lead to poor living standards of people and increase in poverty.

[Areeba Arshad]

Positive Impact:
[KN] De-industrialisation can encourage the growth of higher-skilled jobs in the tertiary and quaternary sectors.
[APP] For example, in the UK, many people moved into finance, IT, and education after the decline of manufacturing.
[AN] This means workers can gain better-paid jobs (1), improve their standard of living (2), and develop new skills that make them more employable (3).
[AN+] In the long run, this makes the economy more globally competitive and less dependent on low-value manufacturing.
Negative Impact:
[KN] De-industrialisation can create structural unemployment when factories close down.
[APP] For instance, many regions in Northern England faced mass unemployment as manufacturing industries collapsed.
[AN] This means workers with old industrial skills may struggle to find new jobs (1), leading to long-term unemployment (2), and causing poverty and inequality in those areas (3).
[AN+] Over time, this can create regional disparities, social unrest, and pressure on government welfare spending.

[amaimatif]

One positive impact of de-industrialisation is the growth of higher-skilled and better-paid jobs in the tertiary and quaternary sectors. For example, jobs in finance, healthcare and IT expand as economies shift away from manufacturing. This benefits the economy by raising incomes and increasing tax revenue. In the long run, it can also make the economy more competitive globally.

However, a negative impact is structural unemployment when factory workers lose jobs. For example, workers in steel or textile factories may not have the skills required in the service sector. This can reduce household incomes, increase poverty and force governments to spend more on welfare and retraining programs. Over time, whole communities may decline if alternative employment is not created.

[Arham Qadri]

[NEGATIVE]
[KN] Tertiary sector grows quicker than manufacturing.
[APP] For example in developed countries many attractive jobs are created because of the higher income and the benefit.
[AN] Hence due to this reason many people/workers move to the tertiary sector which causes many factories to be closed which leads to customers demand not meat hence gap in market.

[POSITIVE]
[KN] It helps in creating new jobs.
[APP] For example many employes/workers move from secondary to territory industry because of higher earning and to get a job.
[AN] Hence due to this the inflation rate will decrease, living standard of people would improve and the image of the country (in which de-industrialization is taking place) would improve

[UPDATED]

[Qasim_Mahmud]

Kn: De industrialisation is the decline of the manufacturing sector
App:A positive impact is that workers may move into higher skilled services such as IT
Analysis:The growth of service industries can modernise the economy and increase long term competitiveness

[M huzaifa jillani]

(Positive impact)
(KN)
De industrialisation can grow the tertiary sector.
(APP)
For example more people work in banking , IT and education.
(AN)
This can raise incomes and create safer, cleaner jobs compared to factory work.

(Negative impact)
(KN)
It can cause factory workers to lose their jobs.
(APP)
For example if car factories close thousands of workers may be unemployed.
(AN)
This can harm communities,reduce living standards and make the government spend more on welfare.

[Ruqyia Salman]

Adv-[KN]: A positive impact of de-industrialisation is the growth in higher-skilled jobs.[APP]: For example, as manufacturing declines, economies often shift towards services such as finance, IT, healthcare and education.[AN]: This creates opportunities for workers to move into better paid and more secure jobs compared to traditional factory work.[AN+]: In the long run, this can raise living standards and improve international competitiveness as the country specialises in knowledge-based industries.
Disadv-[KN] A negative impact of de-industrialisation is structural unemployment.[APP] For instance, factory workers who lose their jobs may not have the right skills to transfer into service or technology-based employment.[AN] This leads to long-term unemployment, especially in regions that were heavily dependent on manufacturing industries.[AN+] As a result, inequality can widen between areas that adapt successfully and those left behind, causing regional decline and social problems such as poverty and outmigration.

[Uqbah hadeed kayani]

[kn] De-industrialisation is the decline of the manufacturing sector’s role in an economy.
[app] For example, in the UK, car and steel factories have shut down as production shifted abroad.[an] This benefits the economy as it moves toward more efficient, high-value service industries, raises productivity, and attracts foreign investment. [an+]Over time, regions that adapt to service industries experience faster economic recovery and higher living standards.
[kn] However, it also causes structural unemployment when factory workers lose jobs.
[app]Cities like Manchester faced rising joblessness after factory closures. [an] This leads to income inequality, weakens regional economies, and increases government welfare costs. [an+]] But areas that fail to diversify may face longterm decline and social unrest.